• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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    • 专利摘要:
    niet uit langs een gedeelte van de stationaire _ messectie (72). Fig. 3 A mower (18) for use by a harvesting machine (10). The mower (18) includes a cutter bar (34) which cuts the harvest material and which includes a stationary knife section (72) and a series of reciprocating knife sections (74, 76, 78, 80) that passes along a portion of the stationary knife section (72). A substantial part of the length of the reciprocating knife sections (74, 76, 78, 80) extends not out along a portion of the stationary knife section (72). FIG. 3
    公开号:BE1023144B1
    申请号:E2015/5384
    申请日:2015-06-24
    公开日:2016-11-29
    发明作者:Stijn Borry
    申请人:Cnh Industrial Belgium Nv；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    CUTTING BAR FOR HARVESTING MACHINE
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    This invention relates to harvesting machines for use in agriculture (hereinafter referred to simply as harvesting machines), and more particularly to the cutting beam of the mower of harvesting machines.
    The term combine harvester (or "combine" in English) for a harvesting machine has historically grown because it combines multiple harvesting functions into a single harvesting unit, such as picking, threshing, separating and cleaning. A combine harvester contains a mower that removes the crop from a field and a feed house that transports the crop material to a threshing rotor. The threshing rotor rotates in a perforated housing that can take the form of adjustable threshing baskets and perform a threshing operation on the crop to remove the grain. Once the grain is thirsty, it falls on a grain dish through perforations in the concave. From the grain bowl the grain is cleaned by means of a cleaning system and is then transported to a grain tank on board the combine. A cleaning fan blows air through the sieves to transport chaff and other particles of dirt to the rear of the combine. Non-grain harvesting material (also called non-grain), such as straw from the threshing section, passes through a residual system that a straw chopper can use to process the non-grain and point it towards the rear of the combine. When the grain tank becomes full, the combine is positioned near a vehicle where the grain is to be unloaded, such as a semi-trailer, a self-unloader, a regular truck or the like; and a discharge system is driven on the combine to transfer the grain to the vehicle.
    More specifically, a rotary threshing or separation system includes one or more rotors that can extend axially (from front to rear) or transversely within the main body of the combine and that are partially or completely surrounded by a perforated threshing basket. The harvest material is threshed and separated by turning the rotor inside the concave. Coarser non-grain, such as stems and leaves, is transported to the rear of the combine and unloaded at the back of the field. The separated cereal grains, together with a part of finer material that is not grain such as chaff, dust, straw and other harvest residues, are discharged through the concave and fall onto a grain bowl where they are transported to a cleaning system. Alternatively, the grain and finer non-grain may also fall directly onto the cleaning system itself.
    A cleaning system then separates the grain from the non-grain, and usually includes a fan that directs an air flow up and back through vertically arranged sieves that move back and forth in a forward and backward manner. The air stream lifts the lighter non-grain and transports it to the rear end of the combine to unload it in the field. Clean grain, which is heavier, and larger pieces of non-grain that are not blown away by the air flow, fall on a surface of an upper sieve (also called short straw sieve) through which some or all of the clean grain passes through to a lower sieve ( also known as a cleaning screen). Grain and non-grain remaining on the upper and lower sieves are physically separated by the reciprocating action of the sieves as the material moves backwards. All grain and / or non-grain that remains on the upper surface of the upper sieve is unloaded at the rear of the combine. Grain falling through the lower sieve lands on a bottom tray of the cleaning system, where it is transported forward to a clean grain auger.
    The clean grain auger transports the grain to a grain tank for temporary storage. The grain accumulates when the grain tank is full and is unloaded into a neighboring vehicle such as a semi-trailer, a self-unloader, an ordinary truck or the like, by a discharge system on the combine that is operated to transfer grain to the vehicle.
    The cutter bar of the mower usually includes a reciprocating blade that moves above a bar on which fingers with stationary guard plates are mounted. The reciprocating blade acts in a channel on the bar and contains very sharp sickle sections (triangular blades). The reciprocating blade is driven forward and backward along the channel. The plate material is cut between the sharp edges of the sickle sections and the finger protection plates.
    Patent DE 203 01 750 (Köppl) discloses a rod mower with cutting arrangements that are divided into halves (Figures 1-8) wherein the cutter bar works with a serrated upper and lower blade, and the upper blade is a divided upper blade (2) , the halves (2a, 2b) of which are moved simultaneously to the sides and back to cut the grass. A pull rod and a push rod are connected to two double-armed levers which in turn are connected via their opposite ends to a linear drive which moves the blades (2a, 2b) as shown in Figure 6 of Köppl. In Figure 7 of Köppl, a stationary upper blade and movable lower blades 1a and 1b are shown. In Figure 8 of Köppl, split upper and lower blades are illustrated, all of which are movable. A problem with split blades of this type is that there is a space between the blades in which the stationary blade meets only a portion of the harvest material, or that, if all blades are movable, there is not even scissor action at the location where only one of the blades meet the harvest material.
    What is needed compared to the prior art is a cost-effective and efficient way to use a system with split blades without a part of the crop encountering a blade that does not perform a cutting / shearing action.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    This invention provides an arrangement of a multi-blade cutting bar for the combine mower.
    In one form, the invention is directed to a mower for a harvesting machine that includes a cutting beam that cuts off the harvesting material, and includes a stationary knife section and a series of reciprocating knife sections extending along a portion of the stationary knife section. A substantial part of the length of the reciprocating knife sections does not extend along a part of the stationary knife section.
    An innovative feature of this invention that addresses prior art problems is the lack of an area without scissor action between the split reciprocating blades.
    An advantage of this invention is that the harvest material encountered by the cutter bar of this invention is cut off by a scissor action even where there may be a gap between horizontally adjacent blades.
    Another advantage is that there is a minimum space between the horizontally adjacent blades so that they do not touch each other when they move back and forth in opposite directions.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    The above and other features and advantages of this invention and the way to achieve them will become more apparent and the invention may be better understood by reference to the following description of embodiments of the invention together with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
    Figure 1 is a side view of an embodiment of a harvesting machine in the form of a combine harvester utilizing the multi-cutter cutter bar of this invention;
    Figure 2 is a somewhat schematic plan view of an embodiment of the multi-blade system of the present invention used in the combine harvester of
    Figure 1; and
    Figure 3 is a schematic front view of the multi-blade system of Figure 2 used in the combine harvester of Figure 1.
    Corresponding references (numbers and / or letters) indicate corresponding parts throughout all the different views. The examples set forth herein illustrate embodiments of the invention and such examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    The terms "grain", "straw" and "non-threshed ears" are used throughout this specification primarily for convenience, but it is to be understood that these terms are not intended to be limiting. So "grain" refers to that part of the harvest material that is threshed and separated from the part of the harvest material to be discarded, referred to as "non-grain harvest material", (in English MOG = non-grain on material, further in Dutch sometimes abbreviated to non-grain) or straw Incomplete threshed harvesting material is called "non-threshed ears" and also the terms "forward", "backward", "left" and "right" when used in related to the harvesters and / or parts thereof are usually determined with reference to the forward direction of travel of the harvesting machine in operation, but again, they should not be interpreted as limiting terms. "transverse" are determined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the harvesting machine and should not be seen as limiting.
    With reference now to the drawings, and more particularly to Figure 1, a harvesting machine is shown in the form of a combine harvester 10, which generally has a chassis 12, wheels 14 and 16 contacting the ground, a mower 18, a supply housing 20, an operator cabin 22, a threshing and separation system 24, a cleaning system 26, a grain tank 28, and a release system 30. The release conveyor 30 is illustrated as a release auger, but can also be configured as a belt conveyor, a chain lift, etc.
    The front wheels 14 are larger flotation-type wheels, and the rear wheels 16 are smaller steerable wheels. The driving force is selectively applied to the front wheels 14 by a power source in the form of a diesel engine 32 and a transmission (not shown). Although the combine 10 is shown with wheels, it is also to be understood that the combine 10 may contain caterpillars, e.g., full or half caterpillars.
    The mower 18 is mounted on the front of the combine harvester 10 and includes a cutter bar 34 for cutting crops from a field while advancing the combine harvester 10. A rotary reel 36 supplies crop to the mower 18, and a double jack 38 chops crop laterally inwards on each side of the supply housing 20.
    The feed housing 20 transports the cut crop to the threshing and separation system 24, and is selectively movable vertically with the aid of suitable actuators, e.g. hydraulic cylinders (not shown).
    The threshing and separation system 24 is of the axial flow type, and generally includes a rotor 40 that is at least partially enclosed by and rotatable within a corresponding perforated threshing basket 42. The cut crops are threshed and separated by the rotation of the rotor 40 inside the concave 42, and larger elements such as stems, leaves and the like are discharged from the rear of the combine 10. Smaller elements of the harvest material, including grain and non-grain, including particles lighter than grain, such as husks, dust and straw, are discharged through the perforations of the concave 42. Although the concave and separation system 24 is illustrated as being of a rotor and axial flow type, however, it is also contemplated to use this invention with other conventional threshing systems.
    Grain separated by the threshing and separation unit 24 falls onto a grain dish 44 and is transported to the cleaning system 26. The cleaning system 26 may include an optional pre-cleaning screen 46, an upper screen 48 (also known as a short straw screen), a lower screen 50 (also called a cleaning screen), and a cleaning fan 52. Grains on the sieves 46, 48 and 50 are subjected to a cleaning action by fan 52 which generates an air flow through the sieves to remove chaff and other impurities such as dust from the grain by causing this material to float in the air to discharge it through the combine harvester 54 cover 10. The grain bowl 44 and the pre-cleaning screen 46 moves back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the machine to transport the grain and finer crop material that is not grain to the upper surface of the upper screen 48. The upper sieve 48 and the lower sieve 50 are arranged vertically with respect to each other, and also move back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the machine to spread the grain over the sieves 48, 50, with cleaned grain passing through under the influence of gravity the openings of the seven 48, 50 can fall.
    Cleaned grain falls on a clean grain auger 56 which is placed transversely below and in front of the lower sieve 50. The grain auger 56 receives clean grain from each sieve 48, 50 and from the bottom bowl 58 of the grain cleaning system 26. The clean grain auger 56 laterally transports the clean grain to a generally vertical grain elevator 60 for feeding to the grain tank 28. threshed ears stand out from the grain cleaning system 26 in a trough of a jack for non-thorn ears 62. The non-thinned ears are transported via the jack for non-threshed ears 64 and the return auger 66 to the upstream end of the grain cleaning system 26 to undergo a repeated cleaning action. The transverse jacks 68 on the bottom of grain tank 28 transport the clean grain in the grain tank 28 to the unloading auger 30 to discharge it from the combine harvester 10.
    The non-grain continues through a remnant handling system 70. The remnant handling system 70 may include a shredder, counter blades, a windrow door, and a remnant spreader.
    Now, moreover, referring to Figure 2, a top view of the cutting bar 34 is shown and illustrated in a schematic form. Although the cutter bar 34 is illustrated as being used with a harvesting machine 10, the use of this invention is not limited to only the use with a harvesting machine 10. Further, this invention can be used for cutter bars that are not positioned where the cutter bar 34 is shown. For example, a second cutter bar may be coupled to the mower, such as that disclosed in patent WO 2013/011138, where a cutter bar is positioned at the rear of the mower and cuts off the remaining crop material at a lower level than the front cutter bar. The cutter bar 34 includes a stationary knife section 72 and four reciprocating knife sections 74, 76, 78 and 80. The sections are shown slightly offset so that the different sections are easier to see, and it is understood that the sections are effective are positioned to work with the sections aligned.
    The reciprocating knife sections 74, 76, 78, and 80 are essentially longer than the stationary knife section 72, with the reciprocating knife sections 74, 76, 78, and 80 extending to respective opposite ends of the mower 18. Although the stationary knife section 72 can generally be centrally positioned with respect to the width of the mower 18, it is also contemplated, however, that the stationary knife section 72 can be placed at different positions in the longitudinal direction of the cutter bar 34. The stationary knife section 72 has relatively few cutting blades compared to the reciprocating knife sections 74, 76, 78 and 80. Most of the length of the reciprocating knife sections 74, 76, 78 and 80, or in other words essentially all reciprocating knife sections 74, 76, 78 and 80 do not border on the stationary knife section 72. The Figures do not show the full length of the reciprocating knife sections 74, 76, 78 and 80 for the sake of clarity and to draw attention to the interaction of the reciprocating knife sections 74, 76, 78 and 80 with the stationary knife section 72. The part of the length of the reciprocating knife sections 74 76, 78 and 80 that does not lie along any portion of the stationary knife section 72 is at least 90% or even 95% of the total length of the reciprocating knife sections 74, 76, 78 and 80.
    Well, moreover, referring to Figure 3, a front view of the cutting bar 34 (or one that could be positioned elsewhere) is shown, also now in a schematic form, wherein no cutting blades are shown on the sections, but aspects of how the reciprocating knife sections 74, 76, 78, and 80 are related to the stationary knife section 72, and relative to each other. The reciprocating knife sections 74 and 76 are located horizontally in each other's neighborhood and are moved back and forth along the top of the stationary knife section 72 in opposite directions. Similarly, the reciprocating knife sections 78 and 80 are horizontal in each other's neighborhood and moving back and forth in opposite directions along the bottom of the stationary knife section 72.
    The reciprocating knife sections 74 and 80 are provided to always have a minimal overlap 82 as they move back and forth. The minimum overlap can be considered as being the width of one cutting blade. There is also a minimum distance 84 between the reciprocating knife sections 74 and 76 (and thus also between 78 and 80) when they move back and forth. The minimum distance 84 can vary depending on the relationship between the strokes, and if the strokes are opposite, the minimum distance can be essentially zero so that they touch each other just as they move towards each other and if they change direction they are separated from each other until they are separated by a distance equal to the sum of their individual strokes. The minimum distance 84 is intended to prevent the knife sections 74 and 76 from colliding with each other regardless of the timing of the movement of the knife sections 74 and 76. The reciprocating knife sections 74 and 80 move in a direction 86 on a generally coordinated way, while reciprocating knife sections 76 and 78 also move in a generally coordinated manner in a direction 88, with directions 86 and 88 generally having an opposite phase relationship. Although other phase relationships can also be considered, with directions 86 and 88 having no opposite phase relationship, and even having adjustable phase relationship with respect to directions 86 and 88, operating at different and variable relative frequencies.
    It is advantageous if the arrangement of the reciprocating knife sections 74, 76, 78 and 80 with the stationary knife section 72 of this invention is such that there is always a scissors action with respect to the harvest material, even if there are gaps between the horizontally adjacent reciprocating knife sections 74 and 76; and 78 and 80. Also the stationary knife section 72 includes at least one of the series of reciprocating knife sections 74, 76, 78 and 80, either immediately above or immediately below the full length of the stationary knife section 72, as can be seen in Figures 2 and 3.
    This invention proposes an improvement with regard to the cutting mechanism of the mower 18. The cutting system according to the prior art for a mower is a reciprocating blade. Depending on the width of the mower, one or more of these blades are used. This invention uses a "Dual Knife" (multiple reciprocating blades), and more particularly knife sections 74, 76, 78, and 80 that have a plurality of sections that overlap by using a plurality of fixed knife sections 72 in the middle and then use the single-cut principle. This single-cut principle is then carried out once above the fixed knife section and once below the fixed knife section.
    When using a double blade (reciprocating blade sections at the top and bottom, without a fixed blade in between), a standard blade overlap is no longer usable. This is due to the necessary timing of the 2 blades, for example, it is impossible to make the left upper blade shorter and the right lower blade shorter, and to make the other blades overlap. This would result in a period in which no cutting action would occur due to the speed difference.
    This invention therefore uses a split double-cutting system with a fixed knife section 72 in the middle position where the blades overlap. This fixed knife section 72 ensures that a cutting action takes place.
    The complete mower drive for the blades comprises two gearboxes or "wobble boxes". One drives the left knives 74 and 78 (in opposite directions) and the other drives the right knives 76 and 80 (also in opposite directions). The minimum overlap between one of the upper knife sections and one of the lower knife sections in combination with the fixed knife section 72 is necessary to have a cutting action across the entire width. The reason that there is a minimum distance between the two upper blades 74 and 76 and the two lower blades 78 and 80 is that one wants to be sure that if there is a timing error, the blades do not resist will collide. A timing error can occur, for example when the PTO teeth are shifted by one tooth, or when a non-timed safety clutch is used on the drive system, such as a slip clutch.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    CONCLUSIONS:
    A mower (18) for use by a harvesting machine (10), the mower (18) being transported by the harvesting machine (10) and the mower comprising the following: a cutting bar (34) for cutting harvesting material attached to the mower (18) is exposed; characterized in that the cutter bar (34) comprises the following: a stationary knife section (72); and a series of reciprocating knife sections (74, 76, 78, 80) extending along a portion of the stationary knife section (72), the reciprocating knife sections (74, 76, 78, 80) each have a length of which a substantial portion does not extend along a portion of the stationary knife section (72).
    [2]
    Mower (18) according to claim 1, characterized in that the series of reciprocating knife sections (74, 76, 78, 80) has a first reciprocating knife section (74), a second reciprocating knife section ( 76), a third reciprocating knife section (78) and a fourth reciprocating knife section (80).
    [3]
    The mower (18) according to claim 2, characterized in that the first reciprocating knife section (74) and the second reciprocating knife section (76) move on top of the stationary knife section (72).
    [4]
    Mower (18) according to claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the third reciprocating knife section (78) and the fourth reciprocating knife section (80) move below the stationary knife section (72).
    [5]
    Mower (18) according to claims 2-4, characterized in that the first reciprocating knife section (74) and the second reciprocating knife section (76) generally move in opposite directions (86, 88).
    [6]
    Mower (18) according to claims 2-5, characterized in that the third reciprocating knife section (78) and the fourth reciprocating knife section (80) generally move in opposite directions (86, 88).
    [7]
    Mower (18) according to claims 2-6, characterized in that the first reciprocating knife section (74) and the fourth reciprocating knife section (80) generally move in the same direction (86).
    [8]
    A mower (18) according to claim 2-7, characterized in that the second reciprocating knife section (76) and the third reciprocating knife section (78) generally move in the same direction (88).
    [9]
    The mower (18) according to claims 2-8, characterized in that the first reciprocating knife section (74) and the fourth reciprocating knife section (80) overlap at least a minimum distance (82).
    [10]
    The mower (18) according to claims 2-9, characterized in that the second reciprocating knife section (76) and the third reciprocating knife section (78) never overlap.
    [11]
    The mower (18) according to claims 2-10, characterized in that the first reciprocating knife section (74) and the second reciprocating knife section (76) are arranged so that they do not collide.
    [12]
    Mower (18) according to claims 1-11, characterized in that the stationary knife section (72) is always at least one of the series of reciprocating knife sections (74, 76, 78, 80) either immediately above or immediately below a full length of the stationary knife section (72).
    [13]
    A mower (18) according to claims 1-12, characterized in that the substantial portion of the reciprocating knife sections (74, 76, 78, 80) does not extend along any portion of the stationary knife section ( 72), is at least 90% of the length.
    [14]
    Mower (18) according to claims 1-13, characterized in that the substantial part of the length of the reciprocating knife sections (74, 76, 78, 80) that does not extend along any part of the stationary knife section (72 ) is at least 95% of the length.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
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    BR102016014932-0A| BR102016014932B1|2015-06-24|2016-06-23|PLATFORM FOR USE ON AN AGRICULTURAL HARVEST|
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